Monitoring and evaluation operate at three levels. At the partnership level, progress towards expected objectives and impacts is assessed, covering implementation, management and governance. At the instrument level, the Strategic Coordinating Process provides policymakers with evidence on the impacts and added value of partnerships, drawing on the Biennial Monitoring Report and other sources. At the framework programme level, the Horizon Europe regulation requires monitoring and evaluation of the entire programme, including partnerships; data for projects funded under partnerships must be stored in a single database, and evaluations consider better regulation criteria and Key Impact Pathways.