|
Project Topic
|
Next generation photovoltaics, based on organic, inorganic or hybrid absorbers, can be fabricated as thin, lightweight and flexible modules. This makes them attractive for integration in building façades and consumer products. From these technologies, organic photovoltaics is the most mature, pursued by a number of companies and marking efficiencies up to 13%. Hybrid perovskite cells, on the other hand, is a new technology but with soaring efficiencies, above 22% on cell level. These technologies rely on substrates coated with a transparent electrode. For flexible modules, ITO-coated PET is by far the most common (ITO: indium tin oxide), despite its high cost, poor mechanical stability and limited applicability as cathode. NEXT-FOIL develops an alternative to ITO-coated PET, based on dielectric/metal/dielectric (DMD) multilayers, sputtered at industry-compatible deposition rates. As dielectrics, single and mixed oxides, based on TiO2 (intrinsic and doped) and MoO3 will be used. While TiO2, with low work function, is suited for electron extraction, MoO3, a high work function oxide, is employed to extract holes. In mixed oxides, the work function can be adapted to fit specific device energetics. As metals, Cu and Ag offer optimal performance/cost ratio. DMDs deliver: Lower cost than ITO; sheet resistance < 10 Ω/sq without need of substrate heating during deposition or post-processing; stability of the resistance against bending; adaptability for use as cathode or anode, depending on the used dielectric. The competitive edge of the DMD-based foils will be demonstrated with the fabrication of efficient hybrid perovskite modules. A complementary consortium has been gathered to realize the project. AIT will tackle design, simulation and experimental realization of the DMDs, PLANSEE will develop the sputter targets for the high throughput deposition and SOLARONIX will implement the developed electrodes in efficient perovskite cells & modules. To this end, selected anode and cathode electrodes will be deposited in a roll-to-roll process.
|
